ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to assess the fate of autologous fat tissue grafts harvested and processed by five different methods: blunt suction, sharp suction, dissection, treatment, and lavage. Fat was harvested from the subcutaneous tissue of the interscapular region in 25 rabits and injected into the subcutaneous area of the convex surface of the ear. Harvesting was by either open surgical excision. Where open surgical excision was used, the frgmants were cut into smaller pieces with scissors. Suction in the blunt and sharp suction groups was performed using cannulas with blunt or sharp edged suction holes, respectively. In both suction groups, the harvested tissue was injected without further processing. In the treatment group, 2 ml of cell 199 culture medium and Earle's basic salt solution were added, and in the lavage group the tissue was washed with Ringer's lactate. Animals were killed at 7 (n=9), 180 (n=8), and 360 (n=8) days. Serial cross sections were taken From each recipient area and the specimens processed for histology. The images from each section were digitalized in a computer and, with the assistence of image analysis softwere, the volume of remaining fat cells was calculated for each recipient area. The percentage volumes of fat cells found in each group at 360 days were: blunt suction 14,0%, sharp suction 35%, dissection 45%, treatment 27%, and lavage 16% (p=0.003).

Keywords: transplantation; graft; adipose tissue; graft survival; tissue survival.

RESUMO

A pesquisa consistiu em analisar o transplante livre de tecido adiposo autóloqo, em coelhos, obtido por 5 difirentes modalidades de colheita e preparo, a saber: aspirado, corte, dissecado, tratado e lavado. Nas duas primeiras modalidades, o tecido adiposo autólogo foi colhido por sucção. O aspirado (A) foi colhido com cânula de orifícios de bordas rombas e o corte (C) de bordas afiadas. As três demais modalidades de tecido adiposo foram obtidas por dissecção a céu aberto e fragmentação com tesoura delicada. O tecido assim colhido, fragmentado e injetado chamou-se dissecado (D). O tratado (T) recebeu adição de 2ml de meio de cultura de células 199 com sais de Earle. O lavado (L) foi submetido a lavagem com Ringer-lactato. As áreas doadoras do tecido adiposo foram as bolsas subcutâneas interescapulares. As orelhas dos coelhos foram as receptoras. Os animais foram sacrificados com 7 dias (9 animais) 180 (8 animais) e 360 dias (8 animais). Todas as áreas de transplante foram seccionadas transversalmente a cada 1 cm. A superfície de secção foi medida em sistema integrado para análise de imagem e cálculo do volume. Os cortes histopatolágicos foram quantificadas em: adipócitos, estroma, regiões císticas e inflamação. O volume percentual de adipócitos remanescentes nas 5 modalidades revelou aos 360 dias: Aspirado - 13,9%; Corte - 34,6%; Dissecado - 45,2%; Tratado - 27,0%; Lavado - 16,4%, com p = 0,003.

Palavras-chave: tecido adiposo; transplante autólogo; cirurgia plástica